Move It or Lose It! 

What are the young of every species (particularly the ones we know best, human, dogs and cats) always doing? They are constantly moving, jumping, running and enjoying their bodies. Why, as adults, do we seem to ignore this most beneficial and enjoyable aspect of having a body? Most people’s excuse is that they are too busy, that they have more important things to do.   Nothing is more important for success in every aspect of living, including staying young and feeling good, than keeping your physical body strong and flexible. Think about it, two of the most unpleasant and demeaning things about growing old are losing your physical strength and mobility. As long as you have good physical strength and flexibility you can enjoy your body all of your life, regardless of your chronological age. So it’s quite simple, keep your muscles well toned and flexible and you can enjoy yourself as long as you desire.  

Ask yourself this question. If you knew that doing a certain thing would be very beneficial, and that success was assured if only you did it, wouldn’t you do it? I hope your answer is yes. What am I referring to? It’s that dreaded “E” word,… Exercise. Yes, it seems that many people have an aversion to exercise, so let’s just call it movement.  

It is a well-proven scientific fact that when you regularly move your body and stretch your muscles, you will experience greater flexibility and strength. You will also increase your lean muscle mass, as well as decrease your body fat and reveal a more appealing shape. A few of the important health benefits are a stronger heart and lungs, better circulation, better digestion, better sleep, less stress and the energy and ability to do whatever you desire. 

OK, now that you are more aware of the benefits of becoming fit and realize that you can’t fail, you probably can’t wait to start your daily exercise… oops, I mean movement program.    

Physical fitness is a primary component of good health. 

Functional Fitness Training

Functional Fitness Training is a balanced program that prepares the body to meet the challenges of daily life including specific sports. The goal is to train the body to become as physically functional as possible. Functional Fitness Training addresses the body as a whole to improve and strengthen many functions of the body. In addition to improving muscular strength and flexibility, a complete program produces a more symmetrical, aesthetic looking, and pain free body. It energizes and recharges the body, mind and spirit.  

It begins with an evaluation to note any structural and/or muscular imbalances and weaknesses. Any such condition must be considered in the design of an effective and safe program. All training must be implemented with proper posture and alignment, utilizing full range of motion. 

How to get started

The following are the key components of becoming and staying strong, flexible and fit for a lifetime. A basic, but comprehensive Functional Fitness Training Program should include:

Goals

Goals are useful in giving you a target to shoot for. In order for your goals to be effective they must be meaningful. Next to your goals write down all the reasons why you want to accomplish them. Include how you and others will benefit when you achieve your goals. You need short term goals ( 1 week to 3 months ) that are fairly easy to accomplish. This will keep you on track to achieve your longer goals ( 3 months to 1 year and longer ). Generally  goals should be specific, measurable, flexible, challenging but realistic. However your goals do not have be measurement oriented such as lose 2 inches or do 50 pushups, they can also be just to just walk everyday and to feel and sleep better.  

Goals are important, however strong attachment to their successful completion can distract you from enjoying the process. Goals are a tool, not a measure of your self worth.  
 

Body Alignment and Posture

In order to produce what we call functional fitness, it is essential to exercise with proper body alignment.  In fact, it is critical for producing injury free results. Our bodies are meant to move. However, if we exercise incorrectly or with bad posture, we may very well create imbalances in our body. Some muscles groups are then working harder than they should, not allowing other muscle groups to do their job. These imbalances will eventually show up as chronic aches and injuries. 

Because gravity is always pulling us downward, creating good posture is a must. The center of gravity in our body is at the level of the sacrum, which is located at the base of the spine. The sacrum is the structural focal point of the body. Forces on the body are directly transmitted to this point. Proper sacral alignment is critical for safe and efficient exercising. Many people suffer from chronic pain as a result of poor sacral alignment. 

Often knee pain results from improper alignment of the ankle or hip; similarly, elbow pain can be related to the improper alignment of the wrist, or shoulder. 

Start to observe your posture and alignment. Does one foot usually turn out when you’re standing? Do your shoulders hunch forward habitually? Consider a chiropractic exam. 

A stretching and strengthening program will help you achieve good alignment. Remember that good posture radiates youthfulness, strength, and an enthusiastic, positive outlook on life. 

A good posture improving exercise is the air chair. Press your head and back up against a wall, slide down the wall and walk your feet out until your upper legs are parallel to the floor. Hold as long as possible. This is also very strengthening for the legs. 

Balance

Good balance is also an important part of total fitness. Staying in balance as we move and exercise is in the hips. Full body movement begins with moving the hips, so in order to stay in balance you must shift the weight from hip to hip. This exactly what we do went we walk, step forward and shift the weight to the forward leg allowing the back leg to then move ahead of the front leg. This exactly the reason children who are trying to walk for the first time are wobbly because they haven’t learned to shift their weight from hip to hip. Practice shifting your weight from hip to hip, raise one leg up while transferring all of you weight to the down leg. Practice walking a straight line placing one foot closely in front of the other. 

Breathing

Breathing is the most important thing we do. Breathing is our most vital bodily function. Oxygen is the essential nutrient to sustain life. A lifetime of shallow breathing leads to a lifetime of low energy and low resistance to disease. Proper breathing techniques not only energize and prepare the body for movement; they also can reduce stress and promote relaxation. The following are a few of the physical and psychological benefits from increased oxygenation of the body.

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Proper breathing is the first step to reduce stress. The way we breathe has a profound affect on the way we feel. Slow, even breathing is both relaxing and energizing. The following are basic breathing techniques: 

Deep Abdominal Breathing

The objective is to completely fill and clear the lungs in a slow controlled, rhythmic manner. Stand, sit or lie in a comfortable balanced position. Begin a slow inhalation and simultaneously expand the abdomen to allow air to enter the lower area of the lungs. Continue inhaling, expanding your chest and raising your arms overhead to facilitate the lungs filling to capacity. Hold the breath then slowly exhale, lower the arms and contract abdominal muscles to help expel all the air from the lower lungs. Inhale for 4 counts, hold for 8 counts and exhale for 16 counts. This exercise is very calming and energizing at the same time. 

Energizing and Cleansing Breath

Inhale and exhale rapidly through the nose without a pause up to 120 breaths per minute. Focus two inches below your navel or center point, pulling your abdomen in as you exhale and relaxing as you inhale.  Alternate breathing for 2 minutes with 1 minute of rest. Build up to four sets.  

Alternate Nostril Breathing

This is a meditation in itself, balancing the brain and clearing the sinuses. Close the right nostril with your finger or thumb and inhale through the left nostril for four counts, then close left nostril, hold for eight counts. Open right nostril and exhale for four counts. Inhale four counts in right nostril and close for eight counts, open left nostril and exhale four counts. Repeat cycle four to eight times. 

Flexibility

I seem to have the hardest time getting my clients to stretch on a regular basis. In order to convince them of the importance of having good flexibility, I like to remind them that a corpse is commonly referred to as a “stiff “.  A rigid, stiff, spine blocks the life force from flowing freely throughout the body. A flexible spine is essential for enjoying youthful energy and vitality.  

Flexibility is the degree of elasticity of muscle fiber and the range of motion of a joint. The joints of the body are held in place by connective tissue. The primary elastic tissues that are involved in stretching are tendons, which connect muscle to bone, and ligaments, which connect bone to bone. Movement of joints is initiated by the muscle and is limited by opposing muscles and ligaments. These elastic connective tissues will adapt to their amount of use. If they are not regularly stretched they will shorten, limiting range of motion. 

Stretching is a key component of an effective fitness program. Achieving and maintaining optimal flexibility is a major factor in feeling well and preserving an active lifestyle. Stretching, when done correctly, is a passive, noncompetitive form of exercise with the primary objective being to slowly and progressively improve the elasticity of the muscles. It is an opportunity to relax and “get in touch” with your body. It should feel good!  

Proper stretching technique is imperative. Bouncing or taking a stretch too far can be counterproductive; by activating the stretch reflex which causes the muscle to tighten rather than stretch. This same stretch reflex causes the muscle to tighten again to a certain degree after being stretched, so we must stretch regularly to stay flexible.  

Your goal is to remain in a relaxed state and to alter your patterns of habitual tension by eliminating improper movements and programming your mind to relax your muscles. 

Two basic types of stretching: 

Warm-up Stretching

Use slow, smooth, continuous movements and hold briefly for a few seconds with a minimum of tension.  These are to be done first thing in the morning and before beginning your movement program. 

Semi-Static Stretching

These movements are performed after your muscles are warm following your exercise program or at the end of the day’s activities. The stretch should be eased into with slow, rhythmical breathing and taken to a point of mild tension. If tension does not diminish, ease off slightly until it does. I have found that best results are achieved by slowly moving in and out of the stretch without holding one position more than a few seconds. Then move further into the stretch, and allow the muscles to relax. The stretch should be performed for a minimum of 30-60 seconds. This technique improves the elasticity of the muscles, prevents muscle spasm and post exercise soreness and stiffness. 

Proper, regular stretching and relaxation will allow you to enjoy movement and exercise more effectively. It will facilitate new body awareness, enabling you to further develop your personal fitness potential. 

Benefits of a consistent, properly executed stretching program:

It is very beneficial to properly stretch your body as often as possible throughout your day. Not only does it feel good to be flexible, it allows you to easily move your body in whatever way is necessary. Take a stretch or yoga class, you will greatly benefit from it. Everyone regardless of age or physical condition can begin a flexibility program designed for his or her own capabilities. 

Cardio-Respiratory Conditioning

Cardiovascular endurance is the ability to persist in large muscle activities for a sustained period of time without undue fatigue. All muscles need oxygen to function. It is the duty of the heart and blood vessels to carry oxygen to the muscle cells and carry off the resultant waste products. In the muscle, oxygen combines with other nutrients to produce the energy we need to perform all activity. 

Aerobic exercise is an excellent exercise for the heart and the working muscles. These muscles learn to become quite efficient in extracting oxygen from the blood. Aerobic exercise is an activity that demands lots of oxygen. Increasing the intensity of the activity will increase the demand for oxygen. In order to meet the increased need for oxygen the heart, our strongest muscle, pumps more blood per minute by beating faster. We measure our rate of incoming oxygen by measuring our heart rate. 

The heart, which has become stronger, learns to pump more blood per heartbeat, thus fewer beats per minute are needed to deliver the same amount of blood. As your heart becomes more efficient, your heart rate is lowered.  By lowering your heart rate 10 beats per minute, your heart will beat approximately 15,000 fewer times per day and 5 million fewer times per year!  In addition, your recovery rate from stress or exercise will be greatly improved.  Aerobic exercise also decreases body fat, blood pressure and total cholesterol as well as physiological responses to stress.  

Cardiovascular Assessment

If you have any heart problems, or have been sedentary for some time consult with your doctor. However, in addition to the one mile walk test most anyone can perform the following step test for an evaluation of your current cardiovascular fitness level. Step up and down on a 12" high block or bench rhythmically at a rate of 24 steps per minute for 3 minutes. One step cycle is right foot up, left foot up, right foot down, and left foot down. Immediately following the 3-minute period, the participant should sit down and, within 5 seconds, measure the heart rate for 60 seconds. 

                  Excellent     78-85

                  Good               86-95

                  Average     96-106

                  Fair    107-118

                  Poor    119+ 

Resting Heart Rate

Upon rising in the morning, your resting heart rate should be taken on the wrist approximately 1" below the thumb. Below 70 bpm. is desirable. As your aerobic training progresses, your resting heart rate will come down. Many endurance athletes have resting heart rates in the 30’s and 40’s.  

Aerobic Training

Activities such as walking, bicycling, jogging, bouncing on a mini trampoline, dancing, swimming, rowing and skating can be enjoyed everyday or at least every other day. Start slowly and build up to 20-30 minutes per session. The key word here is enjoyed. Make sure you have fun doing it and you will stick with it. Enjoying your activities with a partner or a group is another good way to stay motivated. 

For most people, exercising at the level of 65% - 85% of their target heart rate is very effective and safe.  To find your target heart rate range, subtract your age from 220 and multiply the answer by 65%.  This is the low end of your target heart rate.  To find the high end, multiply by 85%.  This is merely an estimate to keep you in a safe, but effective heart rate range for exercising.  Signs of over-exercising are profuse sweating, feeling out of breath, or becoming dizzy.  You should be able to talk comfortably while exercising and should not be gasping for breath.  

Start exercising gradually. You cannot get in shape overnight.  You have the rest of your life to become fit.  Slowly increase intensity, frequency and duration of exercise, letting your body determine how much.  Always warm up and cool down. Cross training (exercising in a variety of modes, such as biking, jogging and swimming) has shown excellent results.  You will reduce the chance of experiencing overuse injuries and are not as apt to burnout due to boredom. Whatever activity you choose, it’s important that you enjoy it. If you enjoy an activity it’s likely you will stay  with it. 

Walking is probably the best overall aerobic program for most people.  You can easily walk all of your life and it seldom results in injury. Follow the previously mentioned guidelines for starting an aerobic training program. 

Stationary bicycling is one of the safest and most convenient methods to strengthen the cardio-respiratory system and to trim the hips and thighs. I will describe the protocol for a safe an effective program. Begin by adjusting the seat height so the leg has a slight bend in the knee when the foot touches the pedal at its lowest point. The leg should extend as much as possible without locking the knee.  Hips should not rock from side to side in order to extend the leg.  Begin pedaling, keeping shoulders relaxed and knees in line with your feet. 

Warm up for 2 minutes at low tension and rpm’s to prepare the body.  Gradually increase the speed and, if needed, the tension.  The emphasis is on speed. The tension should be just light enough to achieve target heart rate while maintaining a minimum 80 rpm.  The key is to find the speed and tension combination that can be maintained at your target heart rate. After 3 minutes of the program your pulse should be taken.  Pulse rate should be increasing, but you should never be out of breath for any length of time.  After approximately 4 more minutes (a total of 7 minutes after warm up) you should be close to your target heart rate.  Find your pulse rate, adjusting tension and speed accordingly. Maintain this rate for the duration.  Fitness level and cardiovascular endurance determine the duration.  This duration should gradually increase, 1 minute each workout up to 30 - 60 minutes depending on heart rate recovery which is defined below. 

After maintaining target heart rate for the designated time, reduce tension and speed to gradually bring heart rate back down again.  This cool down period should last a minimum of 2 minutes.  Take pulse while still slowly pedaling; the heart rate should be lower than 120 for those under 50 years of age and lower than 100 for those over 50 before you stop pedaling.  This is an important safety precaution.  Pedaling until the heart rate drops sufficiently assures that the blood will not pool in the legs but will circulate evenly to keep blood supplied to the brain. Take your pulse 2 minutes after your 2 minute cool down. This is your recovery pulse rate. You want to be under 100 bpm. If your pulse is over 100, consider this to be a signal that you have exercised too hard for your level of conditioning at this time.  Recovery rate is an important indicator and, with consistent workouts, should improve with time.  If recovery rate is too slow, decrease the intensity and duration for the next workout session. 

A quick recovery rate is a good indication  
of increased cardiovascular fitness.
 

If your desire is to reduce body fat and trim inches, you must increase your capacity to ride for 45-60 minutes at low tension and high rpm’s (over 80).  If you want to build muscle and strength, as well as increase aerobic capacity, ride at higher tension for a period of 20-30 minutes.  One minute wind sprints are excellent for those who have achieved an advanced level of cardiovascular fitness. 

Muscle Strengthening

Muscular strength can be defined as the maximum force a person can apply to an object, whereas muscular endurance refers to the ability of a muscle to sustain or repeat a contraction for a given time or until exhaustion. It is important to know the difference between these two as well as how closely related they are. 

At one end of the scale would be absolute strength, such as the maximum weight lifted on one bench press. At the other end would be muscular endurance, such as the maximum number of push-ups performed. Of course jogging, swimming, etc. can also be considered as muscular endurance activities, but they require cardiovascular and respiratory endurance as well. 

Your goals for muscle strengthening may be to increase the size and strength of the muscles or to tone and define them. Whatever the case, how you exercise them will have a great effect on realizing your goals. Training for muscular strength means doing fewer repetitions with maximum resistance. Training for muscular endurance and tone means doing higher repetitions with less resistance. 

Training Principles

Resistance training is a specific form of exercise and requires proper breathing to enable one to do more work with less fatigue. The general rule is to exhale when the muscles are contracting or under the maximum stress. This is especially important when exercising the muscles of the chest, legs and abdominals. Smaller muscle groups, such as the arms and shoulders, don’t require as much oxygen for the demand placed upon them; it isn’t quite as critical when you breathe, as long as you breathe. 

There are many choices in both equipment and the type of exercise to improve your strength and endurance. Your personal program depends on your individual requirements, limitations, and goals. Professional instruction should be sought to minimize injury, maximize results and assure efficient use of your time. 

Don’t just do it, do it right 

Basis Guidelines

Exercise Format Summary

Injury Prevention

The best way to avoid injuries, whether in training or in daily activities and sports, is with a Functional Fitness Training Program, as  discussed earlier.  According to sports medicine specialists, the most common factor associated with injury is a sudden increase in exercise frequency, intensity, or duration. Exercise progression is a primary concern in injury prevention. In order to understand the risk, it is necessary to consider the mechanical structure of the body which is supported by the skeleton. The bones are separated by joints that permit the body to perform many different kinds of movements; each joint is designed to move in a specific way. Supporting structures called ligaments prevent undesirable movements. 

When you begin an aerobic conditioning program, you normally experience a fairly rapid improvement in the ability of your heart and lungs to cope with strenuous exercise. Within a few weeks, the greater strength and endurance often tempt you to increase the level of exercise too rapidly. 

Bones and ligaments respond to exercise by becoming stronger and more able to withstand greater mechanical stresses without damage. Thus, one of the benefits of a strenuous exercise program is that your bones and ligaments will eventually gain an increased capacity to withstand the forces exerted upon them during vigorous activity. However, the process of strengthening the bones and ligaments takes much longer than the process of strengthening muscles and improving the ability of your heart and lungs to cope with exercise. 

The key to injury prevention in an exercise program  
is slow progression at all levels.
 

Proper form and technique along with an adequate warm up and cool down are also necessary to help prevent injuries. Knowing your own limitations and progressing at your own rate is critical.  

Overuse of certain muscles, by doing the same exercises over and over, greatly increases your chance for an injury. It is beneficial to change your routine every 4-6 weeks. This means changing your specific exercise as well as the intensity and frequency. Cross training, which means to alternate between different types of exercise on different days, is also a good way to avoid injuries.  An example would be to run one day, weight train the next, bicycle the next, martial arts workout the next and then back to weight training. There are many possibilities, limited only by your imagination. Again I strongly recommend that you consult with a qualified fitness trainer, it will greatly enhance your results and your enjoyment of movement. 
 
 

              

The 30 Minute Daily Routine for Getting and Staying in Shape Fast

The following is an all encompassing functional fitness routine, combining breathing, stretching, muscle toning and strengthening. This very effective, time efficient routine can be done without any equipment, at any place, at any anytime. If done on a regular basis it will provide most of us the essential overall muscular fitness and flexibility we need to enjoy an energetic life! It is geared for the deconditioned person but can effectively be used by anyone at any level of fitness. To get in shape fast do your routine daily. As you progress you can do a harder, longer workout 3-4 days per week. 

For those who desire more muscular development, flexibility and athletic skills contact a qualified fitness instruction or coach. 

Now there no excuses for not getting  
and staying in shape.
 
 

The Routine

Keep in mind the following training principles: maintain good posture and alignment throughout your movements, coordinate your breathing with your movements, stay focused on the muscles being used. If you are a beginner, stop when you begin to feel a burn in your muscles. As you progress, complete as many repetitions as possible. When the repetitions become excessive, add more sets or body weights. 

Deep Breathing

Deep breathing between exercises gives your muscles time to recover and energizes them with fresh oxygen. It is helpful to start by doing the alternate nostril breathing, so that you can breathe freely throughout the session.  Do 3-4 reps of deep breathing where indicated between exercises, as described on page 83.  As you inhale, visualize your breath filling your entire body, as you exhale visualize and feel tension flowing out. Keep your focus on breathing throughout your workout. 

The Basic Warm Up 5 Minutes

The methodology is to work your way from your head to your toes, loosening up as many muscles as possible. Begin by assuming proper basic anatomical posture. Stand with weight evenly distributed, feet shoulder width apart, pointing straight ahead or slightly turned out. Knees are soft, not locked, pelvis tucked under, back in a neutral relaxed state, shoulders pulled back and relaxed, arms at sides, hands facing forward, chin is pulled in and up. Stay in this open, grounding power position for a moment and feel how good it feels. Record this power posture in your memory and adjust yourself  throughout your day. 

Begin with 10 Rounds of Deep Breathing 
 
 

Twist

Reverse Crunch

Additional Back Care Exercises 

This stretches and relaxes

the entire spine and it’s fun. 

Keep upper body flat and relaxed and draw each knee to chest and then both together and hold. Breathe and relax. Stretches hip flexors. 

Pull in your abs, flatten your back to floor and hold. 
 
 
 

Hold knees together, rotate side to side, and slowly stretching as far as you can. 
 
 
 
 
 

This is very comfortable. Gravity allows pelvis to realign itself. Minimum 15 minutes. 
 

How to progress and stay motivated

If you are just beginning a movement program always remember, you will succeed if you just do it. Stick with regular exercise for at least 90 days and you will see and feel the many improvements and benefits. This will keep you motivated to continue on. Do the 30 minute routine to the best of your ability for as long as it takes to master the routine. When you feel comfortable with all the exercises and you can easily do 15-20 repetitions to failure, it is time to either add more sets or add ankle and wrist weights. As you progress you can try a variety of training programs, using weights, machines or attending organized classes. If you desirea higher level of fitness, want to train for a particular sport or have specific physical challenges I strongly recommend consulting with an experienced and reputable personal fitness trainer. A good trainer can design a program that suits your individual needs and goals. It is very important to match your training to your lifestyle. This can save you wasted effort, prevent injuries and produce your desired results in the fastest possible time..  

Tips

My own experience

I know many examples of people of all ages who have turned their lives around and achieved great things by taking responsibility for their physical health. I will tell you about my personal experience and a great story about a friend. 

I was a sprinter and football player as a young athlete. I injured my knee playing football and had an operation. Unfortunately in those days, particularly in New Mexico, where I grew up, not much was known about rehabilitation. Without a good physical therapy program, my knee did not recover well and would consistently pop out of joint even without being stressed. Needless, to say I was no longer a sprinter and became discouraged at my loss of running ability. I had always counted on my speed in all sports, so I began progressively limiting my participation. After college I gave up all sports and activities that required hard running and jumping. This was difficult to do, but I wasn’t aware of an alternative.  

At age forty-two, I began bicycling in earnest and acquired a high level of aerobic fitness. To my amazement my knee became much stronger and more stable. As my knowledge of fitness grew I was able to greatly improve the function of my knee with weight training, jogging and stretching. At age 50 a friend who was competing in masters track and field encouraged me to come out to the track and train with him. I soon found I could actually run fairly fast and the excitement of competition took over. I continued training for a few years and won many gold and silver medals competing in the Senior Olympics. 

A much more dramatic story is Noel Johnson’s. Noel Johnson wrote a book  “A Dud at 70, A Stud at 80”. Noel was a typical pot bellied, out of shape, 70 year old when his wife died. In order to help him adjust to the loss, his son encouraged him to start running. Well, he never looked back. By age 80 Noel held several world records for his age group, in many long distance categories, including the marathon. He ran marathons well into his nineties. 
 

These stories illustrate the many benefits  
of fitness training, and that  
anything is possible,  
at any age.
 
 
 

Silent Scream

Open mouth as wide as possible, stick out tongue and scream without making any sound, unless you’d like to. It’s a chance to get rid of any anger, frustrations, or resentments that you might be harboring and tone the muscles of the face. 
 

Neck

Summary : The Keys to getting Real Fit Real Fast

 
  1. Make you a priority. Remember attaining a basic fitness level is a major component of good health, which is a pre-recquisite for achieving success and enjoyment in all areas of life.
 
  1. Everyday do some aerobic movement, even if its only for 5-10 minutes at a time, it all adds up.
 
  1. Everyday do at least some of the 30 minute workout exercises. You can do some in the bathroom, in an elevator in your car, anytime you have to stand or sit and wait for something.
 
  1. Gradually increase the intensity and duration of your workouts.
 
  1. Concentrate on doing all your exercises as correctly as possible. Remember its quality not quantity that counts.
 
  1. Focus on improving your nutritional and rest habits
 
  1. Visualize achieving your goals
 
  1. Stick with it and you can’t fail.